Generally speaking, the beeswax we collected comes from the natural nest spleen of Chinese bee, the artificial nest spleen of Chinese bee, the artificial nest spleen of western bee, the honey cover spleen, the vegetative spleen, the bee sawdust and so on. They need to be processed into commercial wax and beeswax products to meet the different needs of the market. The processing technology of beeswax has expanded the application scope of beeswax, improved the quality and price of beeswax, and increased the economic benefits of producers and operators.
I. processing of commercial wax
1. material selection
The principle of selecting materials is to select materials according to the requirements of the demander for the specific gravity and melting point of commercial wax.
2. wax melting
Put the selected beeswax into the wax melting pot, the amount of beeswax is 70% of the capacity of the wax melting pot, add water (wax: water = 20:1), and then steam (air pressure is 1.5-2kg), it can be melted in about 1 hour, at this time, the temperature of the wax liquid is 100-108 ℃, and transparent.
3. Heat preservation and sedimentation
Pour the melted wax into the heat preservation tank, deposit for 1.5-2 hours, scoop out the wax gently, pour it into the iron wax mold just brushed with cold water, and then solidify.
4. Packaging and storage
Put the commodity wax in the same specification cartons, and put the beeswax with the same weight in each case, and stack the commodity wax according to the specification.
II. Processing of the foundation
The nest base is the basis for bees to build the nest spleen, which includes the following processes:
Wax melting → wax pouring → calendering → pressing the nest base → slicing → packaging.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
1. wax
Put the selected beeswax into the wax melting pot, add a small amount of water, and heat to make the beeswax melt into wax liquid until it becomes transparent. Then heat 5-10kg of water in the heat preservation tank, pour the melted wax into the heat preservation tank, and precipitate for 1.5-2 hours to make the impurities sink at the bottom, and take the wax for standby.
2. casting wax board
Keep the temperature of wax liquid at 68-72 ℃, and conduct wax casting. One method is to pour the wax liquid into the wood mold (also called wax plate) with length of 2125px, width of 625px and height of 1-37.5px, and then put it into cold water to soak after solidification, so as to separate the wax plate and the wood mold. Another method is to use a smooth board with length of 2125px, width of 625px and height of 1.5-50px, first soak it in 30 ℃ warm water, then dip it in wax solution for 2-3 times repeatedly, and then put it into a washing tank with water temperature of 15-35 ℃, then take it off after solidification.
3. calender
Soak the wax plate in warm water at about 40 ℃, brush the calender roller with a brush dipped in soapy water at the same time, then send the wax piece into the roller smoothly, shake the handle evenly and pull out the pressed wax piece gently.
4. pressure nest Foundation
Soak the pressed thin wax pieces in 25-30 ℃ water, then use the nest foundation machine to press the nest foundation, while operating, add soap water to the shaft surface to lubricate to prevent adhesion, and the made nest foundation pieces are cut into pieces of the same size according to the specified size.
5. packaging
Put a piece of oiled paper between each nest base to avoid adhesion. Pack 30 pieces into a box to avoid extrusion.
III. processing of beeswax products
(I) biyanning granules
1. Process flow: material selection → extraction → filtration → concentration → granulation → packaging
2. Operation steps and methods
(1) material selection
Select the spleen of the old nest which is free from nest insects and mildew, and clean it with clean water.
(2) extraction
Chop the Chaopi, put it into a pot, add 4-5 times water, heat and cook for 1-2 hours, and stir constantly.
(3) filtration
Pour the melted wax into another container with cold water, float the beeswax on the upper layer, and take it out. Filter the solution to remove impurities.
(4) concentration
Concentrate the filtrate into paste.
(5) granulation
The crushed granulated sugar, Chaopi cream and dextrin are mixed with a mixer, and the granulated granulate is made into particles of certain size, which are dried in the drying room and packaged into biyanning granules.
